Le réchauffement climatique et la fonte des glaces provoquent un intérêt croissant pour l'Arctique. Cet intérêt pourrait éventuellement mener à des négociations ardues ou des conflits entre les nations intéressées.
"Since 2006, each of the Arctic nations has adopted its own security policy to safeguard its sovereign rights. What they must do now is compare their separate security policies, identify the ways in which those policies reinforce or conflict with one another, and then balance national interests with common interests.
How, for instance, will each nation position its military and police its territory? How will the Arctic states deal with China and other nations that have no formal jurisdictional claims but have strong interests in exploiting Arctic resources? How will Arctic and non-Arctic states work together to manage those resources beyond national jurisdictions, on the high seas and in the deep sea? Without ratifying the Convention on the Law of the Sea, a 1982 treaty governing use of the world’s oceans, how can the United States cooperate with other nations to resolve territorial disputes in the ocean?
NATO’s top military commander, Adm. James G. Stavridis of the United States Navy, warned in 2010 of an “icy slope toward a zone of competition, or worse, a zone of conflict” if the world’s leaders failed to ensure Arctic peace.
http://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/13/opinion/preventing-an-arctic-cold-war.html?nl=todaysheadlines&emc=edit_th_20130313
Aucun commentaire:
Enregistrer un commentaire